Oscillatory Copper Deposition on Conical Iron Electrodes in a Nonuniform Magnetic Field

We report the effect of a magnetic field on deposition copper ions conically shaped iron probe. In our setup, forces and buoyancy are key factors influencing electrolyte flow mass transfer. Without external current, spontaneous reduction cone occurs, known as electroless deposition. Mach–Zehnder differential interferometry indicate variation in concentration near cone. After an initial transient about 60 s, temporal oscillations found under field. galvanostatic conditions, similar oscillatory behavior is observed. Numerical simulations show that caused by gradient, Lorentz force, force counteracting one another, oscillation frequency estimated analytically based this mechanism. Furthermore, we present study for both conditions with different current densities. The results may stimulate future research aimed at local control rate realization miniaturized, regularly structured deposits using fields.